Another summer is just around the corner, and as climate change continues to intensify, heatwaves are becoming more frequent, more intense, and longer-lasting. Across the globe, communities that once experienced moderate summers are now facing scorching temperatures that push the limits of human endurance. And while heat may seem like just an inconvenience, extreme heat events can be deadly — especially for children, the elderly, and people with health conditions.

If you’re not used to dealing with this kind of heat, it’s important to learn how to protect yourself and your loved ones. Below, we’ll break down how to prepare before a heatwave hits, how to stay safe during one, and what to do if the power goes out.

Understanding Heatwaves

A heatwave is a prolonged period of excessively hot weather, which may be accompanied by high humidity. It’s not just about a single hot day — it’s about multiple days of sustained heat that make it hard for your body to cool down. According to the CDC, extreme heat kills more people in the U.S. each year than any other weather-related event, including hurricanes and floods.

Prevention Starts with Preparation

Before the heatwave strikes, taking a few key steps can make all the difference.

1. Know Your Risk
Check local forecasts regularly and sign up for emergency weather alerts. Some regions may be more vulnerable to extreme heat than others, especially urban areas where asphalt and buildings trap heat (a phenomenon called the “urban heat island effect”).

2. Prepare Your Home

• Air Conditioning: Make sure your AC unit is working efficiently. Clean or replace filters and keep blinds or curtains closed during the day to block out direct sunlight.
• Fans: Fans alone won’t prevent heat-related illness in extreme temperatures, but they can help circulate air. Place a bowl of ice in front of a fan for a DIY cooling effect.
• Window Insulation: Use thermal curtains or window films to reduce indoor heat gain.

3. Stock Up
Have an emergency kit with:

• Plenty of water (at least one gallon per person per day)
• Non-perishable food
• Ice packs or cooling towels
• Battery-powered fans or cooling devices
• Medications and first aid supplies

Staying Safe During a Heatwave

When the heat hits, your primary goal should be staying cool and staying hydrated.

1. Stay Indoors During Peak Heat Hours
The hottest part of the day is usually between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. Avoid strenuous activity during these hours. If you must go outside, wear loose, light-colored clothing, sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat.

2. Keep Hydrated
Drink water often, even if you don’t feel thirsty. Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and sugary drinks, which can dehydrate you. If you’re sweating a lot, consider beverages with electrolytes.

3. Use Cooling Methods

• Take cool showers or baths
• Use damp washcloths or cooling towels on your neck and wrists
• Sit in front of a fan while misting yourself with water

4. Check on Others
Make sure friends, family members, and neighbors — especially seniors or those with disabilities — are staying cool. Heat can be more dangerous for those who live alone or without access to cooling.

If the Power Goes Out

Blackouts during a heatwave are not uncommon, as increased electricity demand can overwhelm the grid.

1. Close Windows and Curtains
Keep sunlight out and trap any remaining cool air inside.

2. Avoid Using Appliances
Stoves, ovens, and even lightbulbs can generate heat. Stick to no-cook meals and keep the lights off when possible.

3. Find a Cooling Center
Cities often open air-conditioned public spaces like libraries or community centers during heat emergencies. Have a list of locations nearby and a plan to get there if needed.

Watch for Signs of Heat-Related Illness

Extreme heat can lead to heat exhaustion or heat stroke — both of which require immediate attention.

Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion:

• Heavy sweating
• Weakness
• Dizziness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Headache
• Cool, moist skin

Symptoms of Heat Stroke (a medical emergency):

• High body temperature (above 103°F)
• Confusion or unconsciousness
• Hot, dry skin (or sweating that suddenly stops)
• Rapid pulse

If someone is experiencing signs of heat stroke, call 911 immediately and try to cool them down with cold water or ice packs until help arrives.

The Bigger Picture: Climate Change and Heatwaves

While heatwaves have always occurred, they are becoming more intense due to climate change. Rising greenhouse gas emissions trap heat in the atmosphere, altering weather patterns and making extreme temperatures more common and more dangerous.

Being prepared isn’t just about this summer — it’s about understanding that these events may become the new normal. Preparing now protects your health, saves energy, and builds resilience for the future.

Heatwaves don’t have to catch you off guard. With a little foresight and action, you can minimize the risks to yourself, your family, and your community. Climate change is reshaping the way we live — and how we survive the heat may be one of the most immediate challenges we face.

Stay cool, stay informed, and stay safe.